St. Vith was recaptured on January 23, 1945. Then when 112 th came in it naturally attached itself to the infantry division. 294th Engineer Combat Battalion A thing like this takes time. One of the tank destroyers knocked out three tanks. The unit journals, as is common in an armored division, are rather slim, although, in this case, fairly accurate. 7th Armored Division Headquarters, plus 4 other interviews (transcribed, annotated and fully indexed, with introduction) - Only available on Amazon.com. We weren’t able to retire before 0300 hours on 23 December. These German tanks menacing the 112th Regiment had come up a road our people thought impassable to tanks. Loss and Redemption at St. Vith is a magnificent chronicle of the 7th Armored Division’s contribution to American victory in the Battle of the Bulge. But from a strategic perspective, the German fate had already been sealed at St. Vith, when they could not take that critical supply center on Day 2 - nor on Days 3, 4, 5, and most of 6. Slowly but surely the Allies -- from the North, the West, and the South -- closed the salient, the Bulge. General Clarke had a command something like this: Ober Emmels, around to the east of St Vith, and then south to Breitfeld where he tied in with CCB of the 9th Armored Division, then 424th Infantry Regiment, then the 112th Infantry Regiment at Holdingen. His book, Loss & Redemption at St. Vith, centers on the 7th Armored Division for the entire length of the campaign, in so doing reconsidering the story of the whole battle through the lens of a single division and accounting for the reconstitution of the Division … But once the defense of St. Vith was set up, that defense also bolstered the defense of the northern shoulder, as both defenses forced the German columns off of their planned routes and led to considerable congestion as the Gemran columns were then funneled in between the northern shoulder and the St. Vith salient. They always say American tanks can't go here or there over these roads, but we found out that German tanks could when they went from Beho to Rogery. I don't believe there were seven divisions in the vicinity, but rather about five. The 7th Armored Division trained at Camp Coxcomb in California. 297th Engineer Combat Battalion This rules out those war gaming web sites on which re-enactors give a brief history of the units they portray. A quite complete and accurate account was prepared by one of the participants, Maj. Donald P. Boyer, Jr., in 1947 and was published as St. Vith: The 7th Armored Division in the Battle of the Bulge, 17-23 December 1944. After the destruction of the 106th Infantry Division in the first days of the Battle of the Bulge, the 7th tried to hold, but could not withstand the pressure of six German divisions bearing down on it. 303rd Engineer Combat Battalion (Baraque de Fraiture). He really had about ⅔ of the combat elements of the 7. This is NOT an interactive map. Manteuffel's reason for this recommendation was "due to the time lost by his Fifth Panzer Army in the St. Vith area." Holding St. Vith: The 7th Armored Division and the 106th Infantry Division, with elements of the 9th Armored Division and 28th Infantry Division, held St. Vith four days beyond the German timetable. 281st Engineer Combat Battalion Corps wanted the first combat Command to attack and seize the town of Schoenberg to relieve the pressure on these two surrounded infantry Regiments. Usually this means Division level. Thus St. Vith was the most vital initial prize the Germans sought, in order to allow supplies to flow to support the remainder of the attack. It is, at once, a thoroughly informed tactical analysis of the Battle of St. Vith, an insightful study in command, and a thoughtful commentary on the relative capabilities of the American and German armies in late 1944. The weather was chilly mist and fog, so that Allied air support was nullified until December 23. It is an attempt to give the units' locations in the major areas of the Battle of the Bulge (Ardennes Offensive), as well as links to their web pages, if they have a web page. According to War Department General Order 114, December 7, 1945 there were approximately 2,000 units that received the Ardennes Credit, (The Battle of the Bulge). Welcome to Wesley Johnston's (somewhat reluctant) Battle of the Bulge (Ardennes Offensive) web page, part of the 7th Armored Division web site. April 15, 2020 Uncategorized 5 ARMDD, 5th Armored Division, 5th Armored Field Artillery, 5th Armored Field Artillery Battalion, 95 AFABN, 95th admin. Loss and Redemption at St Vith closes a gap in the record of the Battle of the Bulge by recounting the exploits of the 7th Armored Division in a way that no other study has. Click here to order on Amazon.com. A note on Operation Schneeman: The only reference that I have found for this operation is on page 199 of "The Forgotten Battle: Overloon and the Maas Salient 1944-1945" the English translation of the original Dutch book by A. Korthals Altes and N. K. C. A. in't Veld (Sarpedon, 1995). This narrative centers on the 7th Armored Division for the entire length of the campaign, in so doing reconsidering the story of the whole battle through the lens of a single division and accounting for the reconstitution of the Division while in combat. Then I think the traffic -- well we had a schedule and everybody kept to it. Gregory Fontenot is a retired Colonel of the U.S. Army. (Keep in mind that the southern shoulder was one that the Germans themselves intended to form with their Seventh Army -- which they pretty much succeeded in doing.). For example, the hierarchy here places the U. S. 7th Armored Division in XVIII Corps in U. S. First Army in 12th Army Group. For all Divisions, you may also want to see their brief history in the Center for Military History's "Combat Chronicle" web pages. Therefore, these statements should not be directly quoted without prior approval Brigadier General Hasbrouck. The Story of the 95TH AFABN, 5TH ARMDD. We had prisoner identifications from seven different divisions. In popular thinking, the Battle of the Bulge is synonymous with the Battle of Bastogne. In the largest battle ever fought by the U. S. Army, with 600,000 GI's involved, it is difficult to place one unit or location ahead of another in importance. British 1st Northamptonshire Yeomanry Armored Regiment: 296th Engineer Combat Battalion: Houffalize late in the Bulge, 2nd Cavalry Group (2nd & 42nd Cav Rcn Sqdns): crossed from France into Luxembourg 23 Dec 44 and guarded XII Corps' right flank along the Moselle River [No official website found but very useful -- though very hard to navigate -- site found, 4th Infantry Division: bore brunt of attack at Echternach, Luxembourg, XII Corps: 4th Inf Div, 9th Armd Div(-), 10th Armd(elem), 109th Rgt of 28th Inf div, 2nd Cav Gp, 282nd Engineer Combat Battalion: arrived in France 25 Dec 44; moved into combat, manning road blocks at Bech, Luxemboug 13-23 Jan 45 and at Christnach, Luxembourg 23-30 Jan 45, 285th Engineer Combat Battalion: arrived in France 9 Jan 45; moved into positions SE of Luxembourg City at Dalheim 20 Jan 45; moved to front line at Greiveldange 21 Jan 45, III Corps: See 4th Armd Div, 26th Inf Div, 80th Inf Div, 26th Infantry Division: western Luxembourg, between 4th Armd Div to west and 80th Inf Div to east, 80th Infantry Division: came up from south to make far eastern end of center of southern shoulder, between 26th Inf to west and XII Corps to east. ", Source:Combat Interview from NARA: National Archives = 1945, Last Updated on Wednesday, 23 January 2019 20:36. I decided to hold this valley Vielsalm – Petit Their – Poteau with defense to the north and to back up CCA after they recaptured Poteau. And the panzers did succeed in bypassing Bastogne, so that their plan in that sector was on schedule. 578th Field Artillery Battalion: at Heckhuscheid, Germany when offensive began, fought as infantry with 424th Infantry of 106th Infantry Division, then 20 Dec moved west of Bastogne (no web site found, but here are documentary links: 590th Ambulance Company: followed 4th Armored Division to bring the first ambulances into Bastogne, a "colored" battalion (no web site found, but here are documentary links: 602nd Tank Destroyer Battalion: one of the first units of Third Army to reach Bastogne, possibly a "colored" battalion (no web site found, but here are documentary links: 771st Field Artillery Battalion: at Sibret, (no web site found, but here are documentary links: 293rd Engineer Combat Battalion - Company C in Luxembourg City in January 1945, attached to Gen. Patton's HQ, British troops killed by buzz bomb at Antwerp, 17th Ariborne Division: in England at the start; flew to Rheims Dec. 27; helped close the Bulge as part of Third Army, 9th Troop Carrier Command: drops of supplies and gliders of medical replacements to Bastogne, 36th Bombardment Squadron: Dec. 19 Attempt to jam German tank radios at Bastogne, Boxing Day (Dec. 26) devastation of St. Vith, Belgium, Boyer, Donald (38th Armored Infantry Battalion, 7th Armored Division), Burke, James (299th Engineer Combat Battalion). Originally the plan was to withdraw at 0300 hours but Combat Command "B" of the 9th Armored Division was so involved with the attack, it had to wait till things quieted down. Two later attacks on New Year's Day 1945 attempted to create second fronts in Holland (Operation Schneeman) and in northern France (Operation Nordwind). Most accounts of the Battle of the Bulge give short-shrift to the interval during which the German forward progress stopped and the American counterattack began. General Clarke had two battalions of infantry, an engineer company, a battalion of tanks, one tank destroyer company and as time went on got another battalion of tanks. It is an interlocked ornament, found in Nordic monuments, composed of three torques: red for Artillery; blue for Infantry; and yellow for Cavalry. Our MSR made many changes as the Germans moved forward; once it was running west to east along N 28 and later in a big arch to the north and then east. They arrived in England June 1944 to begin their World War II combat assignments. The Lucky Seventh goes to war Silesia is defended in the West The eve of battle Since the battle was so complex, it is important to consider some basic organizing themes. It was a Corps order, not written but oral. One conflict that stood out was the six-week Battle of the Bulge, which took place in Europe and began 76 years ago this month, in December 1944. Their main mission was to deny to the enemy the Bouvigny – Salmchateau road and to prevent any infiltration from the east. We didn't know much about their strength other than the fact we should attempt to rescue the two infantry regiments (422 and 423, I received very hazy instructions. Planning covered about four to four and one-half hours. This is a list of some of those units so recognized but for which I have yet to determine their geographic location during the Battle of the Bulge. This was truly heroic stuff. Originally the plan was to withdraw at 0300 hours but Combat Command "B" of the 9, St Vith was a very important place to the Germans because of all these roads and railroad. The 7th Armored Division had to move 60-70 miles to the south on Day 2. 90th Infantry Division. The traffic situation was very bad. The defense was after St Vith had fallen. Apparently they didn't see fit to tell us anything. It was apparently timed with Nordwind (in Alsace) on New Year's Day. Traffic jams on both sides of the front were a major problem for both Armies. And it is a work in progress. The 7the Armored Division was activated on 1 March 1942. Here is the layout of the geographic areas of the battlefield. The 7th Armored Division fought a running battle out of St. Vith on December 23, 1944. I had something at Bouvigny for a time, but I don't know just now what it was. They had their Command Posts close enough together so that they could talk with one another. I heard a story, but you'll have to check on it, that some wounded German said, Remembering and Honoring a Young Soldier - Pfc Solomon D. Mosner, St Vith and the 106th Division In the Bulge, My Battle of the Bulge – Before and Beyond, Loss and Redemption at St. Vith: The 7th Armored Division in the Battle of the Bulge (Book), Foxholes and Christmas of long ago Remembered…, Breakfast in the Beautiful Snowy Ardennes Forest, The 318th Inf Regt in the Bastogne Saliant, German Officer Vindicates 106th Recc Troop. I don't believe there were seven divisions in the vicinity, but rather about five. Charles Harman, Tank Commander, father of Gail Larke, BOBA recording secretary, and was compiled … And the famous "Nuts" did not come until December 22, Day 7. May 19, 2020 - Explore Philip Barnett's board "U.S. 7th Armored Division", followed by 1071 people on Pinterest. Fast and free shipping free returns cash on delivery available on eligible purchase. The overall German plan is laid out in the map above (from Hugh Cole's official history "The Ardennes: Battle of the Bulge", Map IX). It is significant to note that the 7th Armored Division was near Aachen, Germany when the German attack began. Most accounts of the Battle of the Bulge give short-shrift to the interval during which the German forward progress stopped and the American counterattack began. Fontenot combines the experience of a combat commander, the eye of a serious historian, and the understanding of a professional soldier in relaying … During the Battle of the Bulge, The 7th Armored Division was forced out of St. Vith in December of 1944. Closes a gap in the record of the Battle of the Bulge by recounting the exploits of the 7th Armored Division in a way that no other study has. I don't think Corps had any idea of that. If they were in the forward part of the Bulge, the contact came sooner during the battle. St Vith was a very important place to the Germans because of all these roads and railroad. If they were originally in the rear and western areas of the Bulge, the contact came later when what had been the rear became the front lines. The hierarchy given here is at a moment nearly at the end of the Battle. reunions, veterans, primary source material, published histories. 305th Engineer Combat Battalion, popular misconceptions about the Battle of the Bulge, Center for Military History's "Combat Chronicle" web pages, 99th Infantry Battalion (the "Norwegian" Battalion), "Railsplitters: The story of the 84th Infantry Division", Liberated La Roche-en-Ardenne 11 January 1945, 736th Field Artillery Battalion (non divisional), Combat Interviews of the 7th Armored Division and 106th Infantry Division, Records of the 38th Armored Infantry Battalion (7th Armored Division), After Action Reports of the 40th Tank Battalion (7th Armored Division), "The Operations of the 423rd Infantry (106th Infantry Division) in the Vicinity of Schonberg during the Battle of the Ardennes, 16-19 December 1944 (Ardennes-Alsace Campaign) (Personal Experience of a Battalion Operations Officer)", The Drop Zone's Personal Accounts in the European Theater, web site "The Battle of the Bulge: The North Shoulder", The Battle of the Bulge: The Northern Shoulder, 7th Armored Division Troops at Baraque de Fraiture ("Parker's Crossroads"), Click here for an active overview of all pages at the 7th Armored Division web site, Overview of the Battle of the Bulge (immediately after this table of contents), In a revised plan on November 1, 1944, the, V Corps (See 2nd Infantry Division, 8th Infantry Division, 78th Infantry Division, 99th Infantry Division), XIII Corps (See 7th Armored Division, XIX Corps, 102nd Infantry Division, 104th Infantry Division), XIX Corps: 21 Dec - XIX Corps takes over former VII Corps units (104ID, 83ID, 5AD (-CCR), 8ID, 78ID) and zone; XIII Corps takes over 29ID and former XIX Corps zone, 97th Quartermaster Battalion: (16 Dec) camped 2 mi SW of Eupen, 277th Engineer Combat Battalion, attached to 102nd Infantry Division Dec. 15-28, 1944, 278th Engineer Combat Battalion: in Belgium at Hermalle and Vise (north of Liège) until 26 December, then in Belgium at Aubel (north of Verviers) and in Holland at "Lanaye Locks", 296th Engineer Combat Battalion: in attack in Aachen area at start of Bulge, VII Corps: from Hotton west to the Meuse (from about 20 December), 86th Mortar Battalion: Support for various Divisions in the area, 97th Quartermaster Battalion: (20? The terrain was the dense Ardennes Forest. The devastating successes of the German armored units in Poland and France underscored America's need for an effective armored force. This is not an Order of Battle. Such war gaming sites are indicated by the unit name being in italics: e.g. Jones, Alan W., Jr. (423rd Infantry Regiment, 106th Infantry Division): Moranda, Robert (38th Armored Infantry Battalion, 7th Armored Division): "Bob's Story: Memories of Love and War" Click, Merriam, Lt. Robert and T/3 Hugh Williamson (4th I&H Section), Holding the Line: U. S. V Corps stops the 1st SS Panzer Corps, Hell at Bütgenbach: We fight and die here, Desperate Stand: The Bitter Defense of the Schnee Eifel (VIII Corps at St. Vith - 106th Inf Div), The Battle for St. Vith: 17th-23rd December 1944 (VIII Corps at St. Vith - 7th Armd Div), Operations of the 3rd Fallschirmjaeger-Division: Defense of the North Sector between December 1944 and January 1945. Thus a unit may appear more than once, if it moved from one area to another. We weren’t able to retire before 0300 hours on 23 December. It was closed out quickly with a counter-attack by "two companies from the Suffolks" on January 8, 1945. We were hungry and thirsty but fortunately the 82, We had another Task Force under Lindsay, who was from the 14, After the attack at St Vith we had to take positions pretty much in the shape of "goose-egg". I always had some sort of reserve – it didn't amount too much. December 1944 World War II Combat Interviews of the 7th Armored Division: The Battle of the Bulge -- Defense of St. Vith, Belgium. The Battle of the Bulge began with the German attack (Operation Wacht am Rhein and the Herbstnebel plan) on the morning of December 16, 1944. Heroic as the deeds of the defenders of Bastogne were, the defense of Bastogne is a very important secondary element but not one of the true strategic keys to the German failure. 7th Armored Division in the Battle of the Bulge Uniform series American military experience series. If the 99th Infantry Division and 291st Engineer Combat Battalion had not held on the northern shoulder, the 7th Armored Division never would have reached St. Vith. General Clarke had a command something like this: Ober Emmels, around to the east of St Vith, and then south to Breitfeld where he tied in with CCB of the 9, We were always suspicious of what was going on to the north and I don't know how much the enemy would have built up if it hadn't been for a very courageous engineer outfit at Trois-Ponts. Most accounts of the Battle of the Bulge give short-shrift to the interval during which the German forward progress stopped and the American counterattack began. Contents. Bastogne did not become surrounded by forces intent on taking it until the night of December 21, Day 6 of the Battle of the Bulge. For example, the hierarchy here places the U. S. 7th Armored Division in XVIII Corps in U. S. First Army in 12th Army Group. See more ideas about wwii, world war ii, world war two. It was no accident that St. Vith was right in the very center of the Fifth and Sixth Panzer Armies: St. Vith had to be the main line of supply for both Armies. A training com… Interview with: Brigadier-General Robert W. Hasbrouck. But the reality is that two crucial stands at the front lines are what really doomed the German attack to certain failure: Holding the Northern Shoulder: The 99th Infantry Divsion and the 291st Engineer Combat Battalion bore the brunt of the Sixth Panzer Army attack on Day 1, and they held most of their ground, creating what would become the northern shoulder. I had Troop "D" of the 87, Originally Division Trains had established little roadblocks around La Roche. Nobody knew who was in it exactly but it was there. It took us a long time to plan it. Buy Loss and Redemption at St. Vith: The 7th Armored Division in the Battle of the Bulge by Fontenot, Gregory online on Amazon.ae at best prices. "Colonel Greg Fontenot's compelling account of the 7th Armored Division in the Battle of the Bulge provides wonderful insight into the hitherto unheralded but inspirational performance of the 'Lucky Seventh' and the units that fought alongside it. (Some of the GI's had wondered why they saw German planes before that, despite the conditions, but saw no American planes.). The only railroad on the entire front to cross from Germany into Belgium came to St. Vith, Belgium, making St. Vith, which was also a major road junction. He would have taken care of his right flank, but we moved back anyway. I heard a story, but you'll have to check on it, that some wounded German said, "Hell this is no green division, this is the 7th Armored. The tank battles of North Africa and Russia in early 1942 caused the US Army to recognized the need to drastically increase the number of its armored units. Note: Since all the mentions of this army and that army can become confusing, German units are given in italics, and American units are in normal type. In the original plan, three Armies (the Sixth Panzer Army [referred to by Hitler as Sixth SS Panzer Army but not formally designated as SS at the time - Cole, p. 76], Fifth Panzer Army, and Seventh Army) would attack. The links given here are to pages that provide solid links for someone to follow to gain in-depth information on these units' role in the Bulge, primarily for the purpose of finding a relative's story - e.g. This is the order of battle of German and Allied forces during the Battle of the Bulge — specifically, at a point near the end of the battle, which lasted from 16 December 1944 until 25 January 1945. 286th Engineer Combat Battalion However, one copy was retained by the interviewer. But from a military strategy point of view (and this can easily be seen on the map above), while Bastogne was a strategically important major road junction for sustaining the attack, it was on the periphery of the attack and well behind the initial front lines. I don't think that the 106, The initial plan was to get through and capture Schoenberg and relieve pressure on these two regiments (422, I decided to hold this valley Vielsalm – Petit Their – Poteau with defense to the north and to back up CCA after they recaptured Poteau. 290th Engineer Combat Battalion The rounded portion of the horseshoe was composed of Colonel Dwight Rosebaum’s CCA, 7th Armored between Poteau and Rodt and General … This narrative centers on the 7th Armored Division for the entire length of the campaign, in so doing reconsidering the story of the whole battle through the lens of a single division. Loss and Redemption at St. Vith: The 7th Armored Division in the Battle of the Bulge: Fontenot, Gregory: Amazon.sg: Books We just came down here and learned that the Germans were making a counterattack. However, when his combat command arrived the road was so congested by the retiring 14. Portion of title: 7th Armored Division in the Battle of the Bulge: Series: The American military experience series American military experience series. The 112th Infantry Regiment was what you might call the final closing force or last covering force when we withdrew on 23 December. German columns ran low on gas and ammunition well before reaching even their first major goal: the Meuse River. There were caught with their pants down. It took us a long time to plan it. The division was activated on 1 March 1942 out of "surplus" elements of the reorganized 3rd and 5th Armored Divisions, itself reorganized on 20 September 1943. I had very little communication with Generals Bruce Clarke and Hoge. The 7th Armored Division had to move 60-70 miles to the south on Day 2. 16-mrt-2017 - Soldiers of the 87th Cavalry Reconnaissance Squadron, 7th Armored Division, advance into the battle-scarred St. Vith, Belgium On December 23, the weather cleared, and Allied planes finally filled the skies in support of the besieged American troops. I arrived at Corps on 17 December and told them that people were retiring in double banks down the roads. The order came out to make me commander and I wrote a letter to Corps pointing out that there was a Major General here who out – ranked me and said it would be a reflection on him to put me in charge. Loss and Redemption at St. Vith: The 7th Armored Division in the Battle of the Bulge (American Military Experience) | Fontenot, Gregory | ISBN: 9780826221926 | Kostenloser Versand für alle Bücher mit Versand und Verkauf duch Amazon. The German plan was to have the panzers bypass Bastogne and let the later echelons of infantry and artillery units clean it out. These units vary in size from a small number of people up to and including an Army Group. 260th Engineer Combat Battalion [Manteuffel press conference of 22 December 1964 in Watertown, NY], Hitler did not accept Manteuffel's recommendation, and the German supplies began to run out. For now, this is primarily a link page, a focal point for Battle of the Bulge (Ardennes Offensive) information on the web. It took about five hours to get back to Vielsalm because all the roads were blocked both ways. The hierarchy given here is at a moment nearly at the end of the Battle. 275th Engineer Combat Battalion The Battle of the Bulge is considered by most military scholars as the greatest campaign in the storied history of the United States Army. Areas in the storied history of the units they portray units vary in size a. 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